Electric bicycle as an environmentally friendly and convenient means of transportation, one of its core components is the motor. The quality of the motor directly affects 

the performance, mileage and riding experience of the electric bicycle. This article will introduce the electric bicycle motor in a simple way.Knowledge, including motor 

types, working principles, selection points and maintenance, is designed to help readers better understand and choose their own electric bicycle motor.

1. Electric bicycle motor type

At present, the common electric bicycle motors on the market are mainly divided into three categories: brushless DC motors, brushless DC motors and wheel motors.

Brushless DC motors: Brushless motors control the direction of current through electronic commutators, which are more efficient, less noisy, and have a long life, but the 

cost is relatively high compared to brushed motors. The brushless motor is usually installed in the middle position of the bicycle or the rear wheel position, which can 

provide better power output and climbing ability.

Brushless DC motor: early electric bicycle commonly used type, simple structure, low cost, but there are brush wear, low efficiency, large noise and other problems, gradually 

replaced by brushless motor.

Hub motor: directly integrated in the wheel hub, divided into front wheel installation and rear wheel installation two. The wheel motor simplifies the design and is easy to 

install and maintain, but it may increase the weight of the wheel set, affect the riding feel, and the heat dissipation is relatively poor.

2. How it works

The working principle of the electric bicycle motor is mainly to convert the electric energy provided by the battery into mechanical energy to drive the wheel rotation. Take 

the brushless DC motor as an example, when the current of the battery flows through the controller to the winding inside the motor, a magnetic field is generated inside 

the motor, and this magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnet rotor to push the rotor to rotate, thus driving the wheel to rotate.

3. How to choose the motor

When choosing an electric bicycle motor, the following points should be considered:

Use requirements: According to the daily riding environment (such as flat road, mountain) and use (commuting, leisure) choose the appropriate motor type. Mountain riding 

or need strong climbing ability, it is recommended to choose a brushless motor.

Power and speed: Motor power directly affects the acceleration ability and maximum speed of the vehicle. Select a compliant power level according to national and regional regulations.

Endurance: High-efficiency motors help to improve the range, but at high power will consume more power, need to weigh.

Cost and maintenance: Although the initial investment is high, the brushless motor is more cost-effective in the long run due to high efficiency and less maintenance.

4. Maintenance

Regular inspection: ensure that there is no damage to the outside of the motor, and the wiring is tight and not loose.

Clean and dust-proof: Although the motor is sealed, it is still necessary to pay attention to avoid sand and water entering, and wipe the surface with a dry cloth regularly.

Proper lubrication: For exposed rotating parts, such as bearings of wheel motors, add lubricating oil in a timely manner.

Avoid overload: long-term overload operation will shorten the life of the motor, should be used in accordance with the rated power of the motor.

In short, the selection and maintenance of electric bicycle motors is the key to ensuring the riding experience. Understanding the characteristics of different motors, 

reasonable selection combined with personal needs, and routine maintenance can effectively improve the performance of electric bicycles and extend the service life.